How to carry out underground water exploration and

How to carry out underground water exploration and drainage in small coal mines

first, in areas threatened by water disasters, we must adhere to the principle of "if there is doubt, we must explore first and then dig". Before roadway excavation, the geological conditions of qingshuiwen must be checked by drilling, geophysical exploration and other methods. Small coal mines may ask geological survey technicians or geological departments to write an analysis report on hydrogeological conditions and put forward safety precautions. The excavation work can be carried out only after it is reviewed and approved by the county coal management department

II. Before the mining of the working face, the faults and collapse columns in the working face must be found out by geophysical exploration, drilling or roadway exploration. Write a special hydrogeological report, which shall be submitted to the county coal after being reviewed by the technical director of the coal mine, and the specification of which shall be from 100kg to (1) 400kg optional carbon management department for approval before mining. When water filling is found, reliable safety measures must be taken immediately or waterproof coal pillars must be left, otherwise, mining is not allowed

III. arrange the working face along the edge of the fault waterproof coal pillar. When opening a cutting hole near the coal pillar, it is also self-evident that the disadvantages of this kind of teaching method must be explored while digging. At any time, explore the waterproof coal pillar to see whether the size of the waterproof coal pillar meets the design requirements. If not, reopen the cutting hole according to the size requirements of the coal pillar. All boreholes must be sealed after loosening inspection

IV. the warning line of water exploration and drainage must be determined and accurately drawn on the mining plan for areas requiring water exploration and drainage, such as the old empty water filling area of small kilns, water filling tunnels, water diversion faults, strong aquifers, collapse columns, old boreholes, etc. When the development and tunneling project reaches the warning, it must be explored before excavation, and the leading distance of drilling must be strictly controlled. When the coal and rock is soft, flaky, pressure or drilling hole 1 is found during drilling, which is an abnormal situation such as the sudden increase of water pressure and water volume in modular production, top drilling and so on, the drilling must be stopped immediately, but the drill pipe must not be pulled out. Report to the Ministry of Mines immediately and send personnel to monitor the water situation. If an emergency is found, all personnel in water threatened areas must be evacuated immediately, and then measures must be taken to deal with it

4. When determining the position of the main water probe hole, it should be calibrated by the surveyor. The personnel responsible for water exploration and drainage must visit the site in person to jointly determine the drilling direction, inclination, number of drilling arrangements and drilling depth

5. When exploring water at the place where the water pressure is expected to be greater than 1kg/cm2, the casing should be consolidated in advance. A gate valve shall be installed at the casing opening, and the depth of the casing must be specified in the water exploration and drainage design. In particularly dangerous areas, safety shelters should also be dug in advance, and safety measures such as evacuation routes should be stipulated to make the construction personnel well known

6. In principle, high-pressure water filling faults, aquifers and collapse column water shall not be explored in coal seams. If it is really necessary, the waterproof gate wall can be built first and the water can be explored from the outside to the inside of the gate wall, or according to the water pressure and other conditions, according to the requirements of the preceding paragraph